AAPT is a universal classroom program designed for fifth grade students, with booster sessions conducted in the seventh grade. It includes two primary strategies. Resistance skills training is designed to give children the social and behavioral skills they need to refuse explicit drug offers. Normative education is specifically designed to combat the influences of passive social pressure and social modeling effects. It focuses on correcting erroneous perceptions about the prevalence and acceptability of substance use and on establishing conservative group norms. In the research design, the students received either information about consequences of drug use only, resistance skills only, or resistance skills training in combination with normative education. Results showed that the combination of resistance skills training and normative education prevented drug use; resistance skills training alone was not sufficient.

Source: Donaldson et al. 1994